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Species identification and haplotype diversity of Sato’s beaked whales using environmental DNA metabarcodingNARA Subscribed
The species identification of whales, dolphins and porpoises at sea remains challenging, particularly for cryptic species like beaked whales (Family: Ziphiidae). Here we use environmental (e)DNA for identification of Sato’s beaked whale, Berardius minimus , at sea. This species was first described in 2019 and, to date, all but one genetic sample has been collected from beachcast carcasses. Sato’s beaked whales are difficult to...
Bottom‐tow gear fisheries (trawls and dredges) produce ~24 million mt of harvest annually, representing a globally important animal‐sourced food system. While many are currently sustainably managed, growing concern over the potential for ecosystem impacts from bottom‐tow gears has increased pressure to improve these fisheries. We assembled an international working group of > 30 contributors, including fishing industry particip...
The hyperiid amphipod Brachyscelus rapacoides is a warm-water species associated with gelatinous zooplankton. In the Mediterranean it has been reported in association with Rhopilema nomadica in both Israel and Turkey. Here, we document the first record of B. rapacoides in Greek waters, representing the first confirmed record for Europe, based on both morphological examination and DNA barcoding of the mitochondrial COI gene. Sp...
Introduction Estimating the genetic diversity of cetaceans at sea, particularly abundant social delphinids, can be difficult with traditional biopsy sampling of individuals. Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding has been shown to be a powerful tool for the identification of species assemblages and estimation of genetic diversity, especially in aquatic environments. Methods We collected 126 samples of seawater from within the...
Lake sturgeon ( Acipenser fulvescens ) growth and longevity estimated from adult capture–mark–recapture dataNARA Subscribed
Effective fishery management policy depends on accurate life‐history data, particularly for harvested species. Longevity is a core life‐history trait that is directly related to annual survival and lifetime reproductive potential, but fish longevity is generally not well documented, particularly for long‐lived species. We used capture–mark–recapture data spanning 44 years as an alternative method to estimate sex‐specific adult...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Distributed optical fibre sensing (DOFS) is a technology that enables continuous, real-time measurements of a range of environmental parameters along the length of a fibre optic cable. In this article, we review the recently emerged applications of DOFS techniques in physical oceanography and offer a perspective on the technology's potential for future growth within the field. The introduction of DOFS to physical oceanography...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
In 2024, an expedition was conducted off northwestern Baja California, México, to find and identify the beaked whale species that produced the BW43 echolocation pulse previously recorded in this area and elsewhere in the North Pacific. There were five Mesoplodon sightings and 21 BW43 acoustic detections on both a towed array and drifting pole buoy recorders over the course of the survey. Three of the sightings had concurrent a...
Aim There is compelling evidence that drivers and patterns of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning vary across multiple spatial scales, from global to regional, landscape and patch. However, macroecological processes impacting freshwater biodiversity are poorly understood compared to marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Despite step changes in data availability, we have a fragmented view beyond the local scale of how hydrologi...
Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learningNARA Subscribed
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, th...