Warming and elevated CO 2 (eCO 2 ) are two potentially opposing climate‐carbon (C) feedback mechanisms that modulate the magnitude of the land C sink, with warming decreasing and eCO 2 increasing C sequestration. However, their net effect on soil organic C (SOC)—the largest terrestrial C stock—remains uncertain. Here, we quantify how warming, eCO 2 , and their interactions influence SOC by using 5558 paired observations from 1...

Human activities emit nitrogen oxides (NO x ≡ NO + NO 2 ; with source emissions approximated as nitric oxide (NO)), potent air pollutants and short‐lived climate forcers, through direct and indirect pathways. Unlike direct releases, however, indirect NO x emissions remain poorly understood and inadequately quantified. Here, by synthesizing available observations across global terrestrial ecosystems, we show that soil moisture...

Carbon efflux (C efflux ) makes up 20% of total greenhouse gases emitted globally. Accurate global C efflux is critical for projecting and responding to future global warming. However, current C efflux estimates remain incomplete due to the omission of C efflux released from the dissolution of inorganic carbon in calcareous soils (C efflux‐calcareous ) and dissolution of lime in acidic soils (C efflux‐acidic ). Here, we presen...