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Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learningNARA Subscribed
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, th...
The production of materials from mineral resources is a significant contributor to anthropogenic CO 2 emissions. This contribution is driven primarily by chemical CO 2 emissions from the conversion of mineral resources and emissions tied to energy demands for material processing. In this work, we synthesize the thermodynamically required enthalpy and chemically derived emissions of mineral processing and consumption in the Uni...
Woodboring Beetle (Buprestidae, Cerambycidae) Responses to Hurricane Michael in Variously Damaged Southeastern US Pine PlantationsNARA Subscribed
In October 2018, catastrophic Hurricane Michael caused $1.7 billion in damage to standing timber in Florida, USA. To inform recovery efforts, varying levels of damaged (low, moderate, and high) slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm) stands were sampled for woodboring beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestidae; Cerambycidae). These beetles generally colonize stressed and damaged trees, and their larval tunneling activities reduce the value...
Factors Associated with Establishment and Growth of Pinus coulteri and Pinus sabiniana in California’s Central Coast BioregionNARA Subscribed
Forest inventory indicated recent decline in a P. coulteri population at its northern extent but live stems in sympatric P. sabiniana increased. Patterns of cone production, localized factors associated with regeneration, relations between wildfire and tree age distributions, and correlations between climate, seedling establishment, and tree growth were analyzed as potential mechanisms underlying unequal demographics between t...
Assessing thermal adaptation using family‐based association and F ST outlier tests in a threatened trout speciesNARA Subscribed
Discovering genetic markers associated with phenotypic or ecological characteristics can improve our understanding of adaptation and guide conservation of key evolutionary traits. The Lahontan cutthroat trout ( Oncorhynchus clarkii henshawi ) of the northern Great Basin Desert, USA, demonstrated exceptional tolerance to high temperatures in the desert lakes where it resided historically. This trait is central to a conservation...
Summary Several Chlamydiales families are associated with epitheliocystis, a common condition of the fish gill epithelium. These families share common ancestors with the Chlamydiaceae and environmental Chlamydiae . Due to the lack of culture systems, little is known about the biology of these chlamydial fish pathogens. We investigated epitheliocystis in cultured Orange‐spotted grouper ( Epinephelus coioides ) from North Queens...
Temporal variation in cannibalistic infanticide by the shore crab H emigrapsus oregonensis : implications for reproductive successNARA Subscribed
Larvae of benthic marine organisms are released amid high densities of suspension feeding and predatory adults and are highly subject to being consumed, even by conspecifics or their own parent. During laboratory feeding trials conducted in J une 2006, female shore crabs ( H emigrapsus oregonensis ) from S tege M arsh in S an F rancisco B ay (37°54.530′ N, 122°19.734′ W) that released their larvae during the previous 24 h ate...
Nearshore larval retention in a region of strong upwelling and recruitment limitationNARA Subscribed
The ability of miniscule larvae to control their fate and replenish populations in dynamic marine environments has been a long‐running topic of debate of central importance for managing resources and understanding the ecology and evolution of life in the sea. Larvae are considered to be highly susceptible to offshore transport in productive upwelling regions, thereby increasing dispersal, limiting onshore recruitment, and redu...
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