The Leaf Area Index (LAI) is a key ecological variable for monitoring land surface processes and plays an important role in understanding climate-sensitive forest ecosystems such as the Hyrcanian forests. This study aimed to estimate LAI using Linear Mixed-Effects (LME), M5 Model Tree (M5), Random Forest (RF), and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) algorithms based on Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 satellite data in the hardwood Hyrca...

Accurate estimation of total aboveground biomass (TAGB) is an important challenge in evaluating and monitoring tree biomass. Thus, developing species-specific allometric models is essential. This study aimed to predict tree-level TAGB for Pinus brutia, Pinus pinea, Cupressus sempervirens, and the species-independent case using the most accurate allometric models, biomass conversion and expansion factor (BCEF), and mixed effect...