Aging is closely associated with various cerebrovascular pathologies that significantly impact brain function, with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) being a major contributor to cognitive decline in the elderly. Consequences of CSVD include cerebral microhemorrhages (CMH), which are small intracerebral bleeds resulting from the rupture of microvessels. CMHs are prevalent in aging populations, affecting approximately 50% of...

Cerebral microhemorrhages (CMHs) are of paramount importance as they not only signify underlying vascular pathology but also have profound implications for cognitive function and neurological health, serving as a critical indicator for the early detection and management of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). This study aimed to investigate the effects of hypertension-induced CMHs on gait dynamics in a mouse model, focusing on...

The aging population worldwide is facing a significant increase in age-related non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular and brain pathologies. This comprehensive review paper delves into the impact of the exposome, which encompasses the totality of environmental exposures, on unhealthy aging. It explores how environmental factors contribute to the acceleration of aging processes, increase biological age, and facilit...

Carotid artery stenosis (CAS) is a consequence of systemic atherosclerotic disease affecting the aging populations of the Western world. CAS is frequently associated with cognitive impairment. However, the mechanisms contributing to the development of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) associated with CAS are multifaceted and not fully understood. In addition to embolization and decreased blood flow due to the atherosclerotic...

Cognitive impairment and dementia are major medical, social, and economic public health issues worldwide with significant implications for life quality in older adults. The leading causes are Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular cognitive impairment/dementia (VCID). In both conditions, pathological alterations of the cerebral microcirculation play a critical pathogenic role. Currently, the main pathological biomarkers of AD—β...