The Old World cecidomyiid genus Daphnephila is primarily associated with Machilus (Lauraceae) plants and exhibits exceptionally high gall diversity in Taiwan. At present, six described species correspond to only seven of 40 known Daphnephila gall morphospecies on the island. In this study, we clarified the species identities of Taiwanese Daphnephila inducing long ovoid-galls and ovoid-galls on the leaves of five Machilus plant...

This study presents SEAF-Net, a lightweight and efficient detection network designed for low-contrast and highly dynamic underwater environments. Built upon YOLOv11n, SEAF-Net introduces three complementary structural enhancements: (1) Omni-Dimensional Dynamic Convolution (ODConv) to improve adaptive modeling of multi-scale and directional texture variations; (2) SimA-SPPF, which embeds the SimAM attention mechanism into the S...