Sexual reproduction in plants is a tightly coordinated process that underpins biodiversity, drives speciation, and serves as a foundation for modern crop improvement. Here, we synthesize recent advances in elucidating the molecular mechanisms governing major reproductive events in flowering plants, including male and female gametogenesis, pollen-pistil communication, double fertilization, embryogenesis, and endosperm-mediated...

This study aimed to induce a shift in a bacterial community by adding substrate into a biofloc system to characterize this shift and estimate its benefits in improving water quality and aquatic animal growth. We compared the bacterial communities between two biofloc systems, either with (sB treatment) or without (nB treatment) the addition of substrate (elastic solid packing filler), and we also analyzed the effects of the shi...