Integrated proteomics and untargeted metabolomics were employed to systematically characterize molecular differences between Acipenser schrenckii embryos with normal versus abnormal 24 h post-fertilization (24 hpf), which were classified as high-quality (HQ) and poor-quality (PQ) groups. Among 1636 proteins and 1102 metabolites, 220 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and 365 differential metabolites (DMs) were identified...

Gene gain/loss in the context of gene family dynamics plays an important role in evolutionary processes as organisms, particularly invasive species, adapt to new environments or niches. One notable example of this is the duplication of digestive proteases in some parasitic insects and helminths to meet nutritional requirements during animal parasitism. However, whether gene family expansion participates in the adaptation of a...