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The latest hypothesis regarding the source of enhanced neural activation from resistance training is the reticulospinal rather than the corticospinal tract, based on invasive animal and emerging human data. The present study employed a six-week isometric resistance training intervention in a randomized controlled design to address this knowledge gap. Thirty-nine healthy, untrained males (age ~23 y, sustained contraction group...
Community biocultural mapping reveals historical occupation and enables defense of African rainforestsNARA Subscribed
Global conservation maps often overlook community lands, impacting decision-making and reducing local agency. We focus on the high-profile and regionally important case of Massaha’s ancestral territory (Ibola Dja Bana Ba Massaha). In Gabon, the forest is largely gazetted into logging concessions and described as an Eden-like wilderness despite long-term human presence. We compare Massaha’s biocultural maps to global, colonial,...
Determining the cortical, corticospinal, and reticulospinal responses to metronome-paced and self-paced strength trainingNARA Subscribed
Purpose The acute neurophysiological responses to resistance training (RT), particularly in corticospinal and reticulospinal pathways, remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of different RT modalities on these pathways. Methods Thirty-six RT-naive participants (10 males, 2 females per group) were randomly assigned to metronome-paced RT (MP-RT), self-paced RT (SP-RT), or a control group. Cortical, corticospinal, an...
The Zoo Sphere of Influence ModelNARA Subscribed
Reticulospinal and corticospinal responses in long-term strength-trained and untrained adultsNARA Subscribed
Purpose Studies investigating neural adaptation to strength training have yet to determine the loci of previously observed improvements in motor pathway function. While transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies have typically focused on the corticospinal tract, recent evidence from primates suggests that the subcortical reticulospinal tract may be the primary candidate for adaptation. Methods: Using a cross-sectional com...
Novel evidence of age-related cortical and subcortical constraints in cross-educationNARA Subscribed
Cross-education (CE), the phenomenon whereby unilateral strength training induces neuromuscular adaptations in the contralateral limb, is underpinned by distributed cortical and subcortical plasticity. This study evaluated acute neural responses to a single bout of metronome-paced unilateral strength training in younger (n = 17; 27 ± 6 years) and older adults (n = 18; 67 ± 5 years). Neurophysiological assessments included cort...
Purpose This study compared acute neuromuscular and hormonal responses and recovery in males during resistance exercises performed in Smith machine back squat (SQ) and horizontal leg press (LP). Methods Twelve healthy, physically active men performed SQ and LP loadings consisting of 5 sets at ten-repetition maximum. Maximal bilateral isometric force and sEMG activity of quadriceps femoris over 500 ms (MIVC EMG ) in isometric l...
Defining an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome: International Consensus StatementNARA Subscribed
Around the world, individuals are living longer, but an increased average lifespan does not always equate to an increased health span. With advancing age, the increased prevalence of ageing-related diseases can have a significant impact on health status, functional capacity and quality of life. It is therefore vital to develop comprehensive classification and staging systems for ageing-related pathologies, diseases and syndrom...
Cortical and spinal responses to short-term strength training and detraining in young and older adults in rectus femoris muscleNARA Subscribed
Introduction Strength training mitigates the age-related decline in strength and muscle activation but limited evidence exists on specific motor pathway adaptations. Methods Eleven young (22–34 years) and ten older (66–80 years) adults underwent five testing sessions where lumbar-evoked potentials (LEPs) and motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) were measured during 20 and 60% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). Ten stimulations,...
Two-week step-reduction has limited negative effects on physical function and metabolic health in older adultsNARA Subscribed
Purpose This study determined the effects of a 2-week step-reduction period followed by 4-week exercise rehabilitation on physical function, body composition, and metabolic health in 70–80-year-olds asymptomatic for injury/illness. Methods A parallel-group randomized controlled trial (ENDURE-study, NCT04997447) was used, where 66 older adults (79% female) were randomized to either intervention or control group. The interventio...
Purpose Reduced spinal excitability during the transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) silent period (SP) has recently been shown to last longer than previously thought in the upper limbs, as assessed via spinal electrical stimulation. Further, there is reason to expect that contraction intensity affects the duration of the reduced spinal excitability. Methods This study investigated spinal excitability at different time delay...