Exposure biomonitoring is limited to quantifying the internal dose of specific contaminants. However, it fails to capture the complex total biological burden comprising chemical mixtures (such as fire emissions) and physical and psychological stress. Effect biomonitoring, particularly using untargeted metabolomics, is required to comprehensively assess the systemic health effects of these complex exposures. This pilot study ai...

Dermal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and UV irradiation in occupational and environmental settings poses a health risk by inducing skin toxicity, including immunomodulatory effects. This study investigated the effects of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a well-characterized PAH, at three concentrations (0.04 nM, 4 nM, and 4 µM) and UV irradiation on human monocytic U937 cells, employing both single and combined ex...

Human skin exposure to environmental/occupational UV irradiation and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a concern. This study investigated the impact of the combined exposure on metabolism, cytotoxicity/viability, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity in human skin models. To understand the dose–response relationship, we exposed our models to a range of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) concentrations. For the combined exposure scen...

Toxicological studies propose that exposure to carbon black nanoparticles induces organ injuries and inflammatory responses. Besides, current understanding of the molecular mechanisms implies that carbon black nanoparticles (CBNP) exposure induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction or disturbance in calcium homeostasis. However, the precise mechanisms whereby CBNP ex...

The risk assessment of chemical carcinogens is one major task in toxicology. Even though exposure has been mitigated effectively during the last decades, low levels of carcinogenic substances in food and at the workplace are still present and often not completely avoidable. The distinction between genotoxic and non-genotoxic carcinogens has traditionally been regarded as particularly relevant for risk assessment, with the assu...