The classic East Asia–Eastern North America (EA‐ENA) disjunction, well‐documented in temperate plants, is typically attributed to the fragmentation of once‐continuous high‐latitude ranges by climatic cooling and regional extinction. Whether this model extends to insects, particularly aquatic groups, remains largely untested with genomic data. Here, we integrate whole‐genome sequencing, ddRAD‐seq and morphology with phylogeneti...

Summary Type II toxin‐antitoxin (TA) systems modulate many essential cellular processes in prokaryotic organisms. Recent studies indicate certain type II antitoxins also transcriptionally regulate other genes, besides neutralizing toxin activity. Herein, we investigated the diverse transcriptional repression properties of type II TA antitoxin PaHigA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Biochemical and functional analyses showed that...