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A juvenile spinner shark in southern New England: A rare visitor or a sign of change?NARA Subscribed
A juvenile spinner shark, Carcharhinus brevipinna , was captured and released in the coastal waters of Rhode Island, USA, where range delineations based on historic records of spinner sharks and the species' congener, the blacktip shark, Carcharhinus limbatus , are plagued by misidentification. The shark in question was within the size range of neonates for C. brevipinna and bore a partially healed umbilical wound. This highli...
There is limited knowledge of how philopatry influences the spatial ecology of iteroparous anadromous species during their spawning migrations, but this knowledge is important in understanding population responses to interventions such as river reconnection. Here, acoustic telemetry was applied to twaite shad Alosa fallax and hybrids ( n = 184) during their freshwater spawning migration, enabling quantification of philopatry a...
Human health risk associated with metal exposure at Agbogbloshie e-waste site and the surrounding neighbourhood in Accra, GhanaNARA Subscribed
Agbogbloshie in Accra, Ghana, was a center for informal e-waste recycling until it was closed recently. This study investigated the potential health risks of toxic metals (including As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Zn) found in the surface soils based on their concentrations and in vitro bioaccessibility. Mean concentrations at the burning sites were As: 218; Cd: 65; Cr: 182; Cu: 15,841; Ni: 145; Pb: 6,106; Sb: 552; and Zn: 16,065...
Prolonging survival in good health is a fundamental societal goal. However, the leading determinants of disability-free survival in healthy older people have not been well established. Data from ASPREE, a bi-national placebo-controlled trial of aspirin with 4.7 years median follow-up, was analysed. At enrolment, participants were healthy and without prior cardiovascular events, dementia or persistent physical disability. Disab...
Small global positioning system (GPS) trackers are now routinely used to study the movement and behaviour of birds at sea. If the birds rest on the water they become “drifters of opportunity” and can be used to give information about surface currents. In this paper, we use a small data set from satellite-tracked razorbills (Alca torda) in the Irish Sea to test the potential of this idea for measuring tidal currents. Razorbills...
Nitrate removal in stream ecosystems measured by 15N addition experiments: Total uptakeNARA Subscribed
We measured uptake length of 15 NO 3 − in 72 streams in eight regions across the United States and Puerto Rico to develop quantitative predictive models on controls of NO 3 − uptake length. As part of the Lotic Intersite Nitrogen eXperiment II project, we chose nine streams in each region corresponding to natural (reference), suburban‐urban, and agricultural land uses. Study streams spanned a range of human land use to maximiz...
Nitrate removal in stream ecosystems measured by 15N addition experiments: DenitrificationNARA Subscribed
We measured denitrification rates using a field 15 NO 3 − tracer‐addition approach in a large, cross‐site study of nitrate uptake in reference, agricultural, and suburban‐urban streams. We measured denitrification rates in 49 of 72 streams studied. Uptake length due to denitrification ( S Wden n) ranged from 89 m to 184 km (median of 9050 m) and there were no significant differences among regions or land‐use categories, likely...
The galactophilic lectin, LecA, contributes to biofilm development in Pseudomonas aeruginosaNARA Subscribed
Summary LecA (PA‐IL) is a cytotoxic lectin and adhesin produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa which binds hydrophobic galactosides with high specificity and affinity. By using a lecA–egfp translation fusion and immunoblot analysis of the biofilm extracellular matrix, we show that lecA is expressed in biofilm‐grown cells. In static biofilm assays on both polystyrene and stainless steel, biofilm depth and surface coverage was reduce...
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