Summary Most agricultural N 2 O emissions are a consequence of microbial transformations of nitrogen (N) fertilizer, and mitigating increases in N 2 O emission will depend on identifying microbial sources and variables influencing their activities. Here, using controlled microcosm and field studies, we found that synthetic N addition in any tested amount stimulated the production of N 2 O from ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria (AOB),...

Summary In order to study the effect of different chloroethenes (electron acceptors) on the bacterial composition of dechlorinating communities, two reductive dechlorinating enrichment cultures were developed that were able to reduce trichloroethene (TCE) and cis ‐1,2‐dichloroethene ( cis ‐DCE) to ethene using hydrogen as electron donor, respectively. The inoculum for the cultures was material from a methanogenic fluidized bed...