The pre‐monsoon rains break a long dry spell over many regions of India, bringing relief from the summer heat, reducing air pollution, aiding agriculture and water resources. However, the pre‐monsoon rainfall shows a strong contrast along the Western Ghats, with the southern portion receiving higher and more consistent rainfall and the northern Ghats experiencing sporadic pre‐monsoon rains. Here, we examine the causes for this...

Many global climate models, including the Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2), have a biased representation of subseasonal modes of variability of the Indian summer monsoon. For instance, they simulate a weaker summer mean monsoon low‐pressure systems (LPS) climatology, faster than observed northward propagation of monsoon intraseasonal oscillations (MISOs), and a systematic dry bias over Indian landmass. The Bay of Beng...