Background The blood brain barrier (BBB) limits effective treatment for cerebellar diseases. Region-specific parameterization and safety data for MRI-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) BBB opening (BBBO) in the cerebellum are scarce. The goal of this study is to establish safety and feasibility of cerebellar BBBO for antibody delivery. Methods Mice received i.v. AF680 IgG and microbubbles immediately prior to sonication at 0.3...

We conducted a microcosm experiment under near-natural conditions to investigate the effects of environmental stressors temperature and salinity on the response of three microalgal species. The response of microalgae to increased temperature and altered salinity is species-specific, with cell barrier complexity playing an important protective role. At decreasing salinity, the green flagellate cells of Dunaliella tertiolecta vi...