` Temperatures in the Gulf of Maine have increased over the past four decades and are influencing key biological processes of marine fishes. We examined relationships between key aspects of American plaice ( Hippoglossoides platessoides ) stock dynamics (i.e., recruitment, distribution, and growth) and environmental variables to explore the effects of changing ocean conditions. Time series of relevant environmental variables i...

The increasing awareness of the extent of urchin barrens and impacts of sea urchin overgrazing on rocky reefs in Aotearoa New Zealand has led to a rapid increase in the use of sea urchin removal as a tool for kelp forest restoration. Here, we review these restoration projects, focusing on three case studies, with the aim to provide context on what urchin removal does and does not achieve and guidance on when, where and how it...

Climate change poses an unprecedented risk to fisheries ecosystems and economies globally. Ocean warming has led to observed geographic shifts and changes in the productivity of fish stocks. Due to the rapid pace of change in many of the world's oceans, there is a critical need to develop and apply scientific knowledge and tools that can help account for non‐stationarity and integrate climate and ecosystem drivers into fishery...

Knowledge of the dietary composition of Atlantic marlins, especially for recently acknowledged species such as roundscale spearfish ( Tetrapturus georgii ), is limited, as sample access is constrained by international quotas and intermittent landing rates. A series of annual offshore recreational fishing tournaments target Atlantic blue marlin ( Makaira nigricans ), white marlin ( Kajikia albida ) and roundscale spearfish on t...

On shallow rocky reefs in northeastern Aotearoa, New Zealand, urchin barrens are indicators of the ecosystem effects of overfishing reef predators. Yet, information on their extent and variability is lacking. We use aerial imagery to map the urchin barrens and kelp forests on reefs ( 2 of barrens exist across the region. This demonstrates the widespread nature of barrens, the potential long‐term effectiveness of no‐take marine...

Climate change contributes to widespread shifts in body size across taxa which can impact population and community dynamics. However, the reasons for variability in the direction and intensity of responses remain uncertain. Smaller body size improves thermoregulatory efficiency but can increase dehydration risk. Changes in species' body size is likely to balance the tradeoffs of thermoregulation and osmotic balance when respon...

We conducted compound‐specific stable hydrogen (δD) and carbon (δ 13 C) isotope analysis on n ‐alkanes from terrestrial leaf waxes preserved in a 10 000‐year sediment profile from Lago de las Morrenas 1 (9.4925° N, 83.4848° W, 3480 m), a glacial lake on the Chirripó massif of the Cordillera de Talamanca in Costa Rica. Our results demonstrate millennial‐scale variations in hydroclimate across the Holocene, with drier than avera...

Dispersal contributes vitally to metacommunity structure. However, interactions between dispersal and other key processes have rarely been explored, particularly in the context of multitrophic metacommunities. We investigated such a metacommunity in naturally fragmented habitats populated by butterfly species (whose dispersal capacities were previously assessed), flowering plants, and butterfly predators. Using data on butterf...

The monitoring of soil moisture and sea surface salinity over the Earth has been profoundly enhanced during the last thirteen years due to a new generation of satellite sensors. L-band radiometry is currently the only technology providing direct measurements of soil moisture, insensitive to surface roughness and distribution of elements in the soil, and the only technology the only technology for measuring that allows us to me...

Purpose Evolving investigative techniques are providing greater understanding about the early neuromuscular responses to resistance training among novice exercisers. The aim of this study was to investigate the time-course of changes in muscle contractile mechanics, architecture, neuromuscular, and strength adaptation during the first 6-weeks of lower-limb resistance training. Methods Forty participants: 22 intervention (10 ma...

The impact of multitrophic interactions on metacommunity structure, despite extensive theory and modeling/manipulative studies, has remained largely unexplored within naturally occurring metacommunities. We investigated the impacts of mutualistic partners and predators on a butterfly metacommunity, as well as the impacts that local and landscape characteristics have across three trophic levels: flowering plants, butterflies, a...