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Between 1989 and 2007, 28 Distinct Population Segments (DPS) of Pacific salmon ( Oncorhynchus spp.) spawning in rivers in California and the Pacific Northwest (Oregon, Washington, Idaho) were listed (protected) under the US Endangered Species Act (ESA). In the roughly 25 years since then, considerable efforts have been made to recover these populations, but no DPS has increased sufficiently to be delisted. We evaluated abundan...
Prolonging survival in good health is a fundamental societal goal. However, the leading determinants of disability-free survival in healthy older people have not been well established. Data from ASPREE, a bi-national placebo-controlled trial of aspirin with 4.7 years median follow-up, was analysed. At enrolment, participants were healthy and without prior cardiovascular events, dementia or persistent physical disability. Disab...
Eleven viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) genotype IVb isolates were sequenced, and their genetic variation explored to determine the source of a VHS outbreak on the eastern shore of Cayuga Lake. An active fish kill of round gobies ( Neogobius melanostomus , Pallas) was intensively sampled at King Ferry, NY and nearby Long Point State Park in May 2017. Gross lesions observed on 67 moribund round gobies and two rock ba...
A rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss strain with higher aerobic scope in normoxia also has superior tolerance of hypoxiaNARA Subscribed
This study compared parr from three strains of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss to examine intraspecific variation in metabolic traits, hypoxia tolerance and upper thermal tolerance in this species. At the strain level, variation in absolute aerobic scope (AAS), critical oxygen level (O 2crit ), incipient lethal oxygen saturation (ILOS) and critical thermal maximum (CT max ) generally exhibited consistent differences among th...
The macroecology of infectious diseases: a new perspective on global‐scale drivers of pathogen distributions and impactsNARA Subscribed
Identifying drivers of infectious disease patterns and impacts at the broadest scales of organisation is one of the most crucial challenges for modern science, yet answers to many fundamental questions remain elusive. These include what factors commonly facilitate transmission of pathogens to novel host species, what drives variation in immune investment among host species, and more generally what drives global patterns of par...
Network analysis reveals that bacteria and fungi form modules that correlate independently with soil parametersNARA Subscribed
Summary Network and multivariate statistical analyses were performed to determine interactions between bacterial and fungal community terminal restriction length polymorphisms as well as soil properties in paired woodland and pasture sites. Canonical correspondence analysis ( CCA ) revealed that shifts in woodland community composition correlated with soil dissolved organic carbon, while changes in pasture community compositio...
The mean ± s.e. optimum temperature ( T opt ) for aerobic scope in juvenile coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch was determined to be 17·0 ± 0·7° C. The repeated measures protocol took 3 weeks to complete the T opt determination using 12 fish tested at five temperatures separated by 2° C increments. This experiment also demonstrated that the T opt was associated with maximum heart rate ( f H ) failing to maintain a Q 10 ‐related i...
Prompted by the dramatic increase in the use of blood analyses in fisheries research and monitoring, this study investigated the efficacy of common field techniques for sampling and storing blood from fishes. Three questions were addressed: (1) Do blood samples taken via rapid caudal puncture (the ‘grab‐and‐stab’ technique) yield similar results for live v. sacrificed groups of fishes? (2) Do rapidly obtained caudal blood samp...