T. Matthew Robson results 19
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Shedding light on the increased carbon uptake by a boreal forest under diffuse solar radiation across multiple scalesNARA Subscribed
Solar radiation is scattered by cloud cover, aerosols and other particles in the atmosphere, all of which are affected by global changes. Furthermore, the diffuse fraction of solar radiation is increased by more frequent forest fires and likewise would be if climate interventions such as stratospheric aerosol injection were adopted. Forest ecosystem studies predict that an increase in diffuse radiation would result in higher p...
The crucial role of blue light as a driver of litter photodegradation in terrestrial ecosystemsNARA Subscribed
Background and aim Wherever sunlight reaches litter, there is potential for photodegradation to contribute to decomposition. Although recent studies have weighed the contribution of short wavelength visible and ultraviolet (UV) radiation as drivers of photodegradation, the relative importance of each spectral region across biomes and plant communities remains uncertain. Methods We performed a systematic meta-analysis of studie...
Prolonging survival in good health is a fundamental societal goal. However, the leading determinants of disability-free survival in healthy older people have not been well established. Data from ASPREE, a bi-national placebo-controlled trial of aspirin with 4.7 years median follow-up, was analysed. At enrolment, participants were healthy and without prior cardiovascular events, dementia or persistent physical disability. Disab...
Seedlings from marginal and core populations of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) respond differently to imposed drought and shadeNARA Subscribed
Key message Local adaptation largely segregates between traits affecting light responses and water relations, but population-level differences in stomatal conductance when growth is unconstrained converge among populations under water stress. Abstract Warming temperatures and altered precipitation patterns threaten plant populations worldwide. European beech ( Fagus sylvatica ) is a species that expresses both high phenotypic...
Aims This study tests whether different spectral regions of sunlight affect the microbial decomposer assemblage in surface leaf litter in a beech understorey over the first 6 months following leaf senescence. Methods We performed a litterbag experiment employing filters attenuating combinations of UV-B, UV-A, blue, and green light as well as the whole spectrum of sunlight. We measured changes in microbial biomass and community...
Aim To better understand and more realistically predict future species distribution ranges, it is critical to account for local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity in populations' responses to climate. This is challenging because local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity are trait‐dependent and traits covary along climatic gradients, with differential consequences for fitness. Our aim is to quantify local adaptation and phen...
Recent multivariate changes in the North Atlantic climate system, with a focus on 2005–2016NARA Subscribed
Major changes are occurring across the North Atlantic climate system, including in the atmosphere, ocean and cryosphere, and many observed changes are unprecedented in instrumental records. As the changes in the North Atlantic directly affect the climate and air quality of the surrounding continents, it is important to fully understand how and why the changes are taking place, not least to predict how the region will change in...
Direct and indirect effects of solar ultraviolet‐B radiation on long‐term decompositionNARA Subscribed
As a result of stratospheric ozone depletion, more solar ultraviolet‐B radiation (UV‐B, 280–315 nm) is reaching the Earth's surface. Enhanced levels of UV‐B may, in turn, alter ecosystem processes such as decomposition. Solar UV‐B radiation could affect decomposition both indirectly, by changes in the chemical composition of leaves during growth, or directly by photochemical breakdown of litter and through changes in decompose...
Tierra del Fuego, Argentina (55°S), receives increased solar ultraviolet‐B radiation (UV‐B) as a result of Antarctic stratospheric ozone depletion. We conducted a field study to examine direct and indirect effects of solar UV‐B radiation on decomposition of Gunnera magellanica , a native perennial herb, and on the native community of decomposer organisms. In general, indirect effects of UV‐B mostly occur due to changes in the...
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