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Herbivory can alter plant stoichiometry generating biogeochemical feedbacks that stabilize or drive transitions between ecosystem states. We report results after 23 years from a grazing experiment in Norway comparing five paired exclosures and grazed plots that were complemented with inclusion of five islands serving as a natural control. We tested the hypothesis that herbivory-driven shifts in plant dominance scale to alter e...
Marine sterols from brown seaweeds, particularly fucosterol and its oxidized derivative saringosterol, have shown therapeutic potential for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and cardiovascular diseases. Here, we aimed to elucidate the cellular and in vivo mechanisms underlying their beneficial effects. In human HepG2 hepatocytes and CCF-STTG1 astrocytoma cells, we assessed liver x receptor (LXRα /LXRβ) activation, sterol uptake, and ef...
Aim After environmental disasters, species with large population losses may need urgent protection to prevent extinction and support recovery. Following the 2019–2020 Australian megafires, we estimated population losses and recovery in fire‐affected fauna, to inform conservation status assessments and management. Location Temperate and subtropical Australia. Time period 2019–2030 and beyond. Major taxa Australian terrestrial a...
Evaluation of 18 commercial serological assays for the detection of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in paired serum samplesNARA Subscribed
A variety of serological tests have been developed to detect the presence of antibodies against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We evaluated the performance of 18 commercially available SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays. Early (6–8 days after the start of symptoms) and late sera (>14 days) from ICU patients ( n =10 and n =16, respectively) and healthcare workers ( n =5 and n =9, respectively) were in...
Multiple hypotheses explain variation in extra‐pair paternity at different levels in a single bird familyNARA Subscribed
Extra‐pair paternity ( EPP ), where offspring are sired by a male other than the social male, varies enormously both within and among species. Trying to explain this variation has proved difficult because the majority of the interspecific variation is phylogenetically based. Ideally, variation in EPP should be investigated in closely related species, but clades with sufficient variation are rare. We present a comprehensive mul...
Increased variance in temperature and lag effects alter phenological responses to rapid warming in a subarctic plant communityNARA Subscribed
Summer temperature on the Cape Churchill Peninsula (Manitoba, Canada) has increased rapidly over the past 75 years, and flowering phenology of the plant community is advanced in years with warmer temperatures (higher cumulative growing degree days). Despite this, there has been no overall shift in flowering phenology over this period. However, climate change has also resulted in increased interannual variation in temperature;...
Disentangling above‐ and belowground neighbor effects on the growth, chemistry, and arthropod community on a focal plantNARA Subscribed
Neighboring plants can influence arthropods on a focal plant, and this can result in associational resistance or associational susceptibility. These effects can be mediated by above‐ and belowground interactions between the neighbor and focal plant, but determining the relative contribution of the above‐ and belowground effects remains an open challenge. We performed a common garden experiment with a design that enabled us to...
Legacy effects of aboveground–belowground interactionsNARA Subscribed
Root herbivory can greatly affect the performance of aboveground insects via changes in plant chemistry. These interactions have been studied extensively in experiments where aboveground and belowground insects were feeding on the same plant. However, little is known about how aboveground and belowground organisms interact when they feed on plant individuals that grow after each other in the same soil. We show that feeding by...