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High mortality rates of cultured Pacific oysters ( Crassostrea gigas ) during the summer months have regularly occurred on oyster farms in British Columbia, Canada over the last 10 years, but little is known about the microbial and environmental conditions that contribute to such mortality events. The objective of the study was to determine correlative factors associated with the onset of a summer mortality event in oysters (m...
Prolonging survival in good health is a fundamental societal goal. However, the leading determinants of disability-free survival in healthy older people have not been well established. Data from ASPREE, a bi-national placebo-controlled trial of aspirin with 4.7 years median follow-up, was analysed. At enrolment, participants were healthy and without prior cardiovascular events, dementia or persistent physical disability. Disab...
With the accelerating pace of global change, it is imperative that we obtain rapid inventories of the status and distribution of wildlife for ecological inferences and conservation planning. To address this challenge, we launched the SNAPSHOT USA project, a collaborative survey of terrestrial wildlife populations using camera traps across the United States. For our first annual survey, we compiled data across all 50 states dur...
Migration is a ubiquitous life history trait with profound evolutionary and ecological consequences. Recent developments in telemetry and genomics, when combined, can bring significant insights on the migratory ecology of nonmodel organisms in the wild. Here, we used this integrative approach to document dispersal, gene flow and potential for local adaptation in anadromous Arctic Char from six rivers in the Canadian Arctic. Ac...
Political and economic transitions have had substantial impacts on forest conservation. Where transitions are underway or anticipated, historical precedent and methods for systematically assessing future trends should be used to anticipate likely threats to forest conservation and design appropriate and prescient policy measures to counteract them. Myanmar is transitioning from an authoritarian, centralized state with a highly...
Divergent immunity and energetic programs in the gills of migratory and resident O ncorhynchus mykissNARA Subscribed
Divergent life history strategies occur in steelhead or rainbow trout O ncorhynchus mykiss , and many populations produce both migrant (anadromous fish that move to the ocean after rearing) and resident (do not migrate and remain in fresh water) individuals. Mechanisms leading to each type are only partially understood; while the general tendency of a population is heritable, individual tendency may be plastic, influenced by l...
Priority research questions for the UK food systemNARA Subscribed
The rise of food security up international political, societal and academic agendas has led to increasing interest in novel means of improving primary food production and reducing waste. There are however, also many ‘post-farm gate’ activities that are critical to food security, including processing, packaging, distributing, retailing, cooking and consuming. These activities all affect a range of important food security elemen...
One Hundred Questions of Importance to the Conservation of Global Biological DiversityNARA Subscribed
We identified 100 scientific questions that, if answered, would have the greatest impact on conservation practice and policy. Representatives from 21 international organizations, regional sections and working groups of the Society for Conservation Biology, and 12 academics, from all continents except Antarctica, compiled 2291 questions of relevance to conservation of biological diversity worldwide. The questions were gathered...
Influence of zinc and iron enrichments on phytoplankton growth in the northeastern subarctic PacificNARA Subscribed
Near‐surface seawater from the northeastern subarctic Pacific was incubated on deck for 8 d, supplemented with (1) control, no additions (2) +Zn (3) +Fe (4) +Zn+Fe. Concentrations of total Zn and Fe at time zero (t 0 ) and in the control remained at ~0.1–0.2 nmol L −1 . In the control, chlorophyll (=0.3 mg m −3 ), 14 C uptake into POC and PIC, and inorganic nutrients all remained relatively constant. Addition of Zn slightly bu...
The effect of buoyant biofilms on the erodibility of sublittoral sediments of a temperate microtidal estuaryNARA Subscribed
An in situ benthic flume (Sea Carousel) was deployed at eight stations along a transect (Upper South Cove, Nova Scotia) to examine the influence of biofilms on sediment erodibility. Subsamples of the material eroded within the Sea Carousel were collected by pumping and were analyzed for suspended particulate matter (SPM). Undisturbed syringe cores of the seabed were also collected and analyzed for major physical properties (bu...
The effect of carbohydrate production by the diatom Nitzschia curvilineata on the erodibility of sedimentNARA Subscribed
The effect of growth and carbohydrate production by the diatom Nitzschia cuwilineata on sediment erodibility was explored in laboratory flume experiments. Diatom cultures, incubated on sediment, were monitored daily for chlorophyll and carbohydrate concentrations and eroded in a recirculating flume at successive stages of growth. Because variations in erosion rate were far greater than variations in erosion threshold during th...
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