Machine learning (ML), particularly the availability of deep neural networks, has enabled the proliferation of modern artificial intelligence (AI) and has revolutionized data processing capacity in marine mammal science. The development and application of these systems has delivered 1000‐fold increases in throughput for applications such as photo identification and orders of magnitude increases in performance for passive acous...

The distinctive Subantarctic (Type D) killer whale (DKW) ( Orcinus orca ) is a highly divergent and apparently inbred form previously known only from three mass strandings and several dozen at‐sea sightings, primarily from Patagonian toothfish ( Dissostichus eleginoides ) longline vessels in the southern Indian Ocean and from tourism vessels in the Scotia Sea. Its range appears to be circumpolar throughout the Subantarctic, bu...

Automated matching algorithms are an increasingly valuable tool in marine mammal research. A multispecies matching algorithm, originally described in Patton et al. analyzes distinctive morphological characteristics on cetaceans using scarring, pigmentation patterns, and notches along the trailing edge of the dorsal fin, which can pose challenges in traditional eye‐based matching due to individual variation over time. While the...

Several legal acts mandate that management agencies regularly assess biological populations. For species with distinct markings, these assessments can be conducted noninvasively via capture‐recapture and photographic identification (photo‐ID), which involves processing considerable quantities of photographic data. To ease this burden, agencies increasingly rely on automated identification (ID) algorithms. Identification algori...

We consider how the ongoing recovery of baleen whale populations requires improved understanding when managing the largest commercial fishery in the Southern Ocean, the fishery for Antarctic krill. Baleen whales already represent one of the major consumers of krill, and as such compete with the fishery. However, they are not explicitly included either in the monitoring programme or the krill fisheries management approach of th...

The sub‐Antarctic waters of South Georgia Island (Islas Georgias del Sur, SG/IG) are a regularly visited feeding ground for southern right whales ( Eubalaena australis , SRW) in the southwest Atlantic. Satellite telemetry and photo‐identification records were compared to better understand the role of SG/IG in the SRW migratory network. We present the first insights from SRW satellite‐tracked from the SG/IG feeding ground, habi...

The SPLASH project (2004–2006) revealed complex population structure and migratory connections, but no regional effort was made along the southern Mexican Pacific coast until dedicated research was initiated in 2010. It is unclear whether humpback whales documented in this region belong to the Mexican or Central American population units. This study aimed to establish the relationship between humpback whales of southern Mexico...

Bycatch, commonly referred to as entanglement, is a leading source of human-caused mortality of baleen whales. A better understanding of the individuals that survive (or perish from) their entanglement can help reduce the risk of bycatch by informing gear modifications and fisheries management. However, determining survival rates is restricted by the ability to track individuals once they become entangled. Historically, the ef...