Purpose Despite its importance for climate change mitigation, soil organic carbon (SOC) is still insufficiently accounted for in cattle life cycle assessment (LCA) studies. Thus, this study evaluated how different methods for estimating SOC changes affect LCA results for mixed dairy systems with varying grassland proportions and durations. Methods Two SOC modeling approaches (Petersen et al. (2013) and rCTOOL) were applied, al...

Purpose Cultured meat is produced by cultivating animal cells in a bioreactor in a culture medium that provides nutrients and growth factors. Among other animal sera, fetal bovine serum (FBS) has traditionally been the most common used in the culture medium of mammalian cell cultures, i.e., 10% FBS medium that contains 10% FBS and 90% DMEM/F12 (v/v). As the aim of cultured meat is to replace livestock production, animal compon...