Key Message Perennial ryegrass shows extensive genotype x environment interactions at the limit of its ecological niche. Accounting for GxE may improve prediction even when environmental and genetic samples are highly diverse. Background In breeding the aim is to identify and accumulate beneficial variants. However, detection of these variants may be challenging in the presence of extensive genotype x environment interactions...

Being strongly influenced by internal climate variability, the atmospheric circulation response to greenhouse gas forcing in the future climate is uncertain. This study addresses atmospheric circulation through representative circulation types (CTs) and investigates the CTs’ changes with respect to frequency and effect on surface temperature and precipitation over a pan-Scandinavian domain. The analysis is based on the Swedish...

Purpose of Review Recently, several epidemiological studies have investigated whether prenatal exposure to nitrate from drinking water may be harmful to the fetus, even at nitrate levels below the current World Health Organization drinking water standard. The purpose of this review was to give an overview of the newest knowledge on potential health effects of prenatal exposure to nitrate. Recent Findings We included 13 epidemi...

Internal hydraulic control, which occurs when stratified water masses are forced through an abrupt constriction, plays an enormous role in nature on both large and regional scales with respect to dynamics, circulation, and water mass formation. Despite a growing literature on this subject surprisingly few direct observations have been made that conclusively show the existence of and the circumstances related to internal hydrau...