Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental disorder, is characterized by synaptic dysregulation as its underlying pathophysiological mechanism. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an intracellular energy sensor, plays a pivotal role in regulating synaptic integrity and function. Current treatments for ASD exhibit limited benefits in alleviating the core symptoms of ASD. Consequently, we investigated the therapeutic...

As an avascular tissue, the intervertebral disc (IVD) faces difficulties in obtaining nutrients and is prone to accumulating metabolic waste. The ensuing IVD degeneration (IVDD) causes symptoms such as low back pain. Traditional Chinese medicine has a millennia-long history of treating IVDD, with the advantages of safety and few adverse effects. Based on prior pharmacological research, the Chinese herbal formula Elgucare is ab...