The proliferation of gridded precipitation datasets produced through diverse methods has led to user confusion due to discrepancies in values for identical locations and times, underscoring the inherent uncertainty in current precipitation data. However, quantifying this uncertainty remains challenging since most datasets are deterministic and offer no easy mechanism for such quantification. This study proposes a novel machine...

Smallholder pig farms are an important feature of pork supply in Asia, and these farming approaches present unique management considerations. This survey was conducted to pilot a welfare assessment protocol and to investigate smallholder pig management and welfare at two sites in Vietnam, one with 55 farms raising predominantly indigenous pigs (the Da Bac site) and the other 55 farms raising predominantly non-indigenous pigs (...