Global warming and summer heatwaves increasingly threaten the survival of cultured Babylonia areolata, but the heat tolerance of different geographical populations and the potential for genetic improvement by hybridization remain poorly understood. In this study, four geographical populations (Thailand, TL; Wanning, WN; Zhao’an, ZA; Changle, CL) and four hybrid combinations (TH, HT, TF, and FT) were compared for mortality rate...