11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) has previously been shown to promote previtellogenic ovarian development and vitellogenin-related hepatic responses in sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus), but the endocrine genes involved in this process remain unclear. In this study, previtellogenic female sterlets were implanted with slow-release 11-KT strips at 5 or 25 mg/kg for 30 days, and transcriptional responses of HPG-axis-related genes, includin...

Protists form the foundation of aquatic food webs and drive global nutrient cycles, yet distinguishing which species photosynthesize, graze or do both remains a major challenge because most are uncultivable and community surveys seldom resolve species‐level traits. We developed a field grazing‐scPCR framework that integrates short‐term grazing assays, single‐cell microscopy and 18S rRNA sequencing to link morphology, fluoresce...