Recently, shallow gas fields and hydrate-bearing sand in the deepwater area of the northern South China Sea have been successively discovered, and the accurate prediction of shallow sands is an important foundation. However, most of the current prediction methods are mainly for deep oil and gas reservoirs. Compared with those reservoirs with high degree of consolidation, shallow sandy reservoirs are loose and unconsolidated, w...

Summary Understanding how individual species contribute to nutrient transformations in a microbial community is critical to prediction of overall ecosystem function. We conducted microcosm experiments in which floating acid mine drainage ( AMD ) microbial biofilms were submerged – recapitulating the final stage in a natural biofilm life cycle. Biofilms were amended with either 15 NH 4 + or deuterium oxide ( 2 H 2 O ) and prote...