Aerobic exercise lowers blood pressure (BP) with varying effects in hypertensive adults, potentially due to age-related nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) metabolism dysregulation. This pilot randomized clinical trial (RCT) tested the efficacy of combining aerobic exercise with the NAD booster nicotinamide riboside (NR) to enhance BP control. In this double-blinded RCT, 54 sedentary adults (≥ 55 years) with mean daytime s...

Background In vitro cell culture models are widely used in cancer drug development. However, traditional two-dimensional (2D) models do not replicate the complex characteristics of the tumour microenvironment. Three-dimensional (3D) culture models have been used to prepare cell spheroids that are increasingly used in drug screening and evaluation due to their greater capacity to mimic tumour properties. Area covered This revie...