North Pacific subtropical mode waters (STMWs), which are subducted with air-sea interaction signals and characterized by low potential vorticity (PV), play an important role in climate change issues. STMW ( PV 2 × 10 − 10 m − 1 · s − 1 ) can be advected westward by large-scale ocean circulation and mesoscale eddies. However, whether and how the STMW intrudes into the South China Sea (SCS) remains unclear. Low PV signals that o...

Mesoscale eddies are widespread in the oceans; however, tracking and observing them remains a challenge. Additionally, there are few studies of eddy–Kuroshio interactions based on large-scale in situ data. Data from a large array of 39 CPIESs deployed around the Luzon Strait in 2018–2019 (12 deployed east of Taiwan within a 3 × grid) were used to reveal the three-dimensional structure of mesoscale eddies and their interaction...