Simulated manipulation experiments, such as nitrogen addition to mimic atmospheric nitrogen deposition, are widely used in global change research. However, experimental manipulations may differ from real‐world environmental change in their intensity, duration, and co‐occurrence, leaving long‐term changes in soil microbial communities and soil health insufficiently understood. To address this gap, we resampled soils from 38 for...

China has abundant bamboo resources, among which Yunnan Province is one of the regions with the greatest number of species. The unique natural and geographic advantages provide an excellent environment for fungal growth. This study collected and isolated saprobic hyphomycetes associated with dead bamboo in Yunnan Province, China. Based on detailed morphological comparisons and multi‐locus phylogenetic analyses of combined LSU,...

With the escalation of global warming, the potential for land evaporation in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) has increased remarkably, and the problem of soil drought has become increasingly prominent. This not only restricts the development of the agricultural economy in the basin, but also intensifies the disparity between water availability and demand, and exerts a profound influence on the ecological security of the basin. In...

Bacterial community dynamics underlie ecosystem functioning in river networks, yet how different bacterial lifestyles respond to bottom‐up biotic drivers under confluence‐induced hydraulics remains unclear. Here, we quantified spatial heterogeneity in free‐living (FL), particle‐associated (PA) and sedimentary (S) bacterial assemblages, coupled with phytoplankton and extracellular enzyme profiles, at the Yellow River‐Fenhe Rive...

Infection by Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) leads to stunted or arrested growth in shrimp, causing significant economic losses in shrimp aquaculture. In this study, the spore wall protein EhSW12 was expressed using a prokaryotic expression system. Subsequently, phage display technology was employed to screen for peptides that interact with EhSW12. A rapid detection method was developed that bypasses the laborious procedure...

Parental birds exhibit diverse alternative reproductive strategies; however, the pathways by which these alternative strategies enhance the reproductive success of parents remain poorly understood. Here, we used generalised linear mixed models (GLMMs) and structural equation modelling (SEM) to analyse a long‐term dataset of multiple components of reproductive fitness in the azure‐winged magpie ( Cyanopica cyanus ), including i...

In the summer of 2022, the Tibetan Plateau experienced a record‐breaking compound hot and dry event (CHDE). This study quantifies the contribution of anthropogenic influence to this compound event using a set of high‐resolution statistical downscaling results from six CMIP6 models. The Copula function was used to calculate the joint probability of the compound event. The results show that in the summer of 2022, hot conditions...

Genetic diversity is vital for population survival, yet there is a paucity of studies focusing on the effectiveness of establishing protected areas for maintaining the population genetic diversity of threatened plant species. To evaluate the effectiveness of in situ conservation measures, we used simple sequence repeats (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers to monitor temporal dynamics in genetic diversity of...

Current biodiversity loss is generally considered to have been caused by anthropogenic disturbance, but it is unclear when anthropogenic activities began to affect biodiversity loss. One hypothesis suggests it began with the Industrial Revolution, whereas others propose that anthropogenic disturbance has been associated with biodiversity decline since the early Holocene. To test these hypotheses, we examined the unique vegetat...

The evergreen versus deciduous leaf habit is an important functional trait for adaptation of forest trees and has been hypothesized to be related to the evolutionary processes of the component species under paleoclimatic change, and potentially reflected in the dynamic history of evergreen broadleaved forests (EBLFs) in East Asia. However, knowledge about the shift of evergreen versus deciduous leaf with the impact of paleocli...

Summary Hypocrealean Trichoderma are the most extensively studied facultative mycoparasites against phytopathogenic fungi. Aerial hyphae of Trichoderma guizhouense can rapidly proliferate over Fusarium oxysporum hyphae, cause sporadic cell death and arrest the growth of the host. The results of the present study demonstrated that a unique short‐chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR), designated as TgSDR1, was expressed at a high...

Climate‐induced nonlinearity in biological variability and non‐stationary relationships with physical drivers are crucial to understand responses of marine organisms to climate variability. These phenomena have raised concerns in the northeastern North Pacific, but are out of the spotlight in the northwestern North Pacific in spite of potential implications for this productive system under increased climate variability. Pelagi...

It is critical to accurately estimate carbon (C) turnover time as it dominates the uncertainty in ecosystem C sinks and their response to future climate change. In the absence of direct observations of ecosystem C losses, C turnover times are commonly estimated under the steady state assumption ( SSA ), which has been applied across a large range of temporal and spatial scales including many at which the validity of the assump...

One of the main goals of conservation biology is to understand the factors shaping variation in biodiversity across the planet. This understanding is critical for conservation planners to be able to develop effective conservation strategies. Although many studies have focused on species richness and the protection of rare and endemic species, less attention has been paid to the protection of the phylogenetic dimension of biodi...

Summary To what extent the genomes of different species belonging to one genus can be diverse and the relationship between genomic differentiation and environmental factor remain unclear for oceanic bacteria. With many new bacterial genera and species being isolated from marine environments, this question warrants attention. In this study, we sequenced all the type strains of the published species of G laciecola , a recently d...