The LICOM Forecast System (LFS), a global eddy-resolving ocean forecasting system, provides 1–15-day forecasts of ocean mesoscale eddies (OMEs). This study conducts a comparative analysis of the forecast results against observational data, thereby evaluating the performance of the LFS. Results show that LFS underestimates the number of eddies by ~10% and their amplitude by ~30%, while overestimating eddy radius by ~5% and velo...

Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are becoming increasingly frequent and intense around China, impacting marine ecosystems and coastal communities. Accurate forecasting of MHWs is crucial for their management and mitigation. In this study, we assess the forecasting ability of the global eddy-resolving ocean forecast system LICOM Forecast System (LFS) for the MHW events in October 2021 around China. Our results show that the 1-day lead f...

International trade is essential to bridge the imbalance between supply and demand of materials along with different nations effectively, especially for critical raw materials such as tungsten that are highly geographically unequally distributed. However, the international trade flows and their complex networks that link those participating nations have remained largely unexplored, which leads to inexplicable concerns for mate...

As a leading mode of sea surface temperature (SST) variability over the North Atlantic in both observations and model simulations, the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) can have a substantial influence on regional and global climate. By using Low-Frequency Component Analysis, we explore the uncertainties of the resulting AMO indices and the corresponding spatial patterns derived from three observational SST datasets. We...