The widespread use of endosulfan, a persistent organochlorine pesticide, has raised significant environmental and health concerns due to its toxicity and potential for bioaccumulation. This study investigated the degradation pathway of endosulfan by Bacillus subtilis sp. strain UAMC, combining in vitro and in silico approaches. These degradation assays revealed preferential degradation of α-endosulfan (97.6%) over β-endosulfan...

Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is a vast, renewable resource critical to a circular bioeconomy, but its inherent recalcitrance remains the principal barrier to efficient enzymatic saccharification and valorization. Given the numerous existing reviews that simply catalogue individual pretreatment methods, the necessity of this review lies in its critical evaluation of how hybridizing standalone technologies is essential to overc...

The use of wastewater for irrigation in agricultural soils offers a sustainable means to reduce freshwater consumption and recycle nutrients, but also poses contamination risks associated with emerging pollutants. Furthermore, potentially toxic transformation products may form in soil and rhizosphere, and could subsequently be taken up by plants. Several products containing spores of symbiotic fungi are available and could ser...