Purpose Trace organic compounds (TrOCs) are ubiquitous micropollutants present in surface water, groundwater, and wastewater. Due to their persistence, bioaccumulation potential, and biological activity, even trace concentrations may threaten ecosystems and human health. Conventional wastewater treatment often fails to achieve complete removal, prompting the development of sustainable alternatives. This review summarizes recen...

Purpose This review evaluates the potential and limitations of nature-based solutions (NbS), including constructed wetlands and soil- and aquifer-based systems, for the attenuation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in water. It aims to identify which removal and attenuation mechanisms operate under environmentally relevant conditions and to assess the extent to which NbS can contribute to sustainable PFAS managemen...