Biological nitrogen (N) fixation is an important terrestrial ecosystem N input that occurs in both symbiotic and non-symbiotic associations with plants. Non-symbiotic nitrogen fixation (NSNF) has been documented in many places, including soils, but the magnitude of its inputs, along with drivers of NSNF rates, remains uncertain due to methodological challenges. We measured NSNF by applying a 15 N 2 tracer to field mesocosms th...

Nutrient availability is a key driver of terrestrial ecosystem functioning and food web structure. In central Amazonian forests, phosphorus (P) and cations (Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , K + ) are significant constraints for plants, potentially constraining the propagation of nutrients across trophic levels. Because predator life-history traits can be strongly linked to nutrient demands, these limitations may affect predators across trophic...

Dry and unproductive Scots pine forests in the northern boreal forest zone provide conditions where ground-dwelling lichens can thrive. These lichens are a crucial winter forage for reindeer. Reindeer reduce lichen biomass both by consumption and trampling, leading to cascading effects on microclimate, litter inputs, and soil carbon dynamics. To investigate long-term impacts of reindeer exclusion, we assessed the plant biomass...