Tuberculosis (TB) treatment is highly effective, but response to therapy varies by geography and population subgroups. We assessed differences in TB treatment response in a representative and heterogeneous Brazilian population. We estimated genetic ancestry according to major genetic ancestry groups (African, European, and Amerindian) in the Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil cohort usi...

Gonatobotryum is an anamorphic fungus reported mainly as a saprophyte, parasite, or endophyte. The genus has traditionally been identified based on morphological features, with its phylogenetic placement remaining uncertain due to the lack of molecular data. During the analysis of fungi obtained from mangrove sediments in Brazil, nine isolates were morphologically identified as Gonatobotryum and subsequently analysed using the...

Microplastics—synthetic particles ranging in size from 1 μm to 5 mm—are now widely recognised as an emerging environmental issue due to their ubiquity across ecosystems. While most research has focused on marine environments, important knowledge gaps remain regarding their occurrence in freshwater systems, particularly in remote and high-altitude ecosystems. Given the increasing human use of these environments, understanding p...

While bats are known to harbor various viruses and bacteria, their role as hosts for hemoparasites has not been extensively studied. This research investigated the presence of ectoparasites and vector-borne pathogens—including Anaplasmataceae agents, hemoplasmas, apicomplexans, and kinetoplastids—in 74 Phyllostomidae bats sampled from an urban forest fragment in southeastern Brazil. Overall, 31.1% of the bats were infested wit...

Microplastics accumulation in freshwater organisms is expected to rise with the level of urbanization occurring near riverbanks, although other factors also contribute to this trend. Benthic macroinvertebrates, in particular, may be disproportionately affected by microplastic accumulation due to their feeding strategies (e.g., filter vs deposit feeders), highlighting feeding type-specific ingestion patterns. Nevertheless, it r...

Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding is a powerful technique for assessing biodiversity in threatened Neotropical aquatic environments, yet the effect of water-level fluctuations in lentic systems on eDNA detectability and distribution remains poorly understood. Thus, we conducted a multi-year eDNA metabarcoding survey of the fish community in Ingleses Lake, a small urban Neotropical reservoir, across periods of high and low...

Burkholderia cenocepacia is an important pathogen in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, responsible for chronic lung infections and, in severe cases, cepacia syndrome (CS), characterized by necrotizing pneumonia, bacteremia, and high mortality. Epidemic lineages, such as B. cenocepacia J2315 (ET12) and ST32, are highly transmissible and frequently associated with CS. In this study, five B. cenocepacia isolates recovered from sputu...