Parasites play a critical yet understudied role in Arctic ecosystems, particularly within key subsistence species such as Arctic char ( Salvelinus alpinus ). As the Arctic undergoes rapid climate-driven change, establishing baseline parasite biodiversity is essential for monitoring ecological shifts and anticipating emerging health and conservation concerns. This study provides the most comprehensive assessment to date of Arct...

Aim Biotic interactions form a pillar of niche concepts but are frequently overlooked as range‐limiting factors. At local scales, ‘non‐excavator’ bird species—those that nest in tree cavities but cannot create cavities themselves—experience competition with other non‐excavators but experience facilitation by excavators such as woodpeckers. Our objective was to evaluate whether competition and facilitation mediate the range lim...

The interdisciplinary study of volcanic processes, which extend across all timescales and lengths, requires a multitude of approaches, ranging from analogue and numerical modelling to observations and fieldwork and extending to mathematics. A conference was held at the East African Institute for Fundamental Research, affiliated with the University of Rwanda, a country which, along with the Democratic Republic of Congo, present...

Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a highly infectious respiratory disease caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis . The bacterial virulence factor, pertussis toxin (PT), is associated with the manifestation of the characteristic symptoms of pertussis and the severe form of this disease. Increasing case numbers and the lack of treatment options highlight the need to develop novel pharmacological strategies, e.g.,...

Aim Evenness quantifies similarities in abundances among species in an assemblage and may influence processes such as species coexistence and the supply of ecosystem services. Previous work has failed to identify generalised patterns of how productivity and habitat heterogeneity influence evenness and moreover has not considered seasonal variation in evenness arising from migration. Therefore, our goal was to quantify the inte...

In 2023, more than half of olive harvests ( Olea europaea ) across Spain, Greece, and Türkiye were lost to drought. The same year late freeze destroyed 90% of the peach crop ( Prunus persica ) on the Georgia Piedmont and the apple crop ( Malus domestica ) in central New York, Vermont, and southern Quebec. Climate extremes now rank with the costliest threats to agriculture, but their role in forest recovery from diebacks that a...

Integrating in‐situ (wild) and ex‐situ (captive) conservation efforts can mitigate genetic diversity loss and help prevent extinction of endangered wild populations. The whooping crane ( Grus americana ) experienced severe population declines in the 18th century, culminating in a collapse to ~20 individuals by 1944. Legal protections and conservation actions have since increased the census population from a stock of 16 individ...

The recently extirpated Zanzibar leopard was the only known African leopard ( Panthera pardus spp.) population restricted exclusively to a major island habitat. Although its demise was driven through habitat change and conflict with humans, given its role as a keystone species for the Zanzibar Archipelago, its successful potential reintroduction might offer a means for helping preserve the natural biodiversity of its former ha...