Manual measurements of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions with static chambers are commonly practised. However, they generally do not consider the diurnal variability of N 2 O flux, and little is known about the patterns and drivers of such variability. We systematically reviewed and analysed 286 diurnal data sets of N 2 O fluxes from published literature to (i) assess the prevalence and timing (day or night peaking) of diurnal N...