The sorghum aphid, Melanaphis sorghi (Theobald, 1904) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a significant pest. This study classified the host suitability of seven Poaceae genotypes: commercial and wild sorghum ( S. bicolor , S. sudanense , S. bicolor verticilliflorum ), pearl millet ( Pennisetum glaucum ), and maize ( Zea mays ). Aphid biological performance was assessed via leaf-disc bioassays under controlled conditions (24 ± 2 °C, 60...

The olfactory bulb (OB) is one of the earliest brain regions affected in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). Its high metabolic rate, dopaminergic modulation, and connectivity with the cortical and limbic regions make it particularly vulnerable to early neuroinflammatory and oxidative processes. This study aimed to investigate whether the administration of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the OB induces...

Rationale Caffeine had been proposed as an adjuvant therapy for Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Although caffeine can ameliorate some ADHD-related behaviors, its effects on impulsivity (more prevalent in boys) and potential sex differences, remains unclear. Objectives To assess sex differences in responsiveness to chronic caffeine on impulsive choice, brain cell composition and serotonergic markers in an A...

Rocky shores are characterized by rough, multi-scale bathymetric variations that result in enhanced wave energy dissipation by bottom friction compared to sandy beaches. Realistic SWAN simulations of surface gravity waves across the rocky shores of Monterey (CA, USA) are conducted, and model results are compared to 20 inner-shelf observational sites spanning 34–5 m water depth. The wave field was highly variable during the stu...

The growing demand for electrical energy drives the transition toward renewable sources, with a focus on solar photovoltaic energy due to its wide availability and decreasing costs. However, the efficiency of photovoltaic systems is vulnerable to atmospheric factors, such as the presence of aerosols, which affect the atmosphere's radiative balance. This study investigated the impact of aerosol load on the energy generation of...

Under the current global biodiversity crisis, there is a need for automated and noninvasive monitoring techniques that can gather large amounts of data cost‐effectively at various ecological scales, from local to large spatial scales. These data can then be analyzed to inform stakeholders and decision‐makers. One such technique is passive acoustic monitoring, which is commonly coupled with automatic identification of animal sp...

Bees are essential for ecosystem functioning, pollinating many wild and crop plant species. Predicting which species are most vulnerable to global changes, and how their loss may impact ecosystems and human well-being, is critical. Comprehensive information on bee response and effect traits is fundamental to these assessments. However, the Raunkiærian shortfall—insufficient trait data—remains significant for bees, particularly...

Fungi have been used by humans since prehistoric times. Informal structures or groups for knowledge exchange regarding mushrooms and lichens probably existed for ages. Only recently, mycological activities have been structured in formal organizations. And where until a few centuries ago there were only learned societies and naturalists’ clubs, nowadays also mycological societies and citizen scientists have joined the landscape...

The application of vibrational microspectroscopy to the study of in vitro mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) osteogenic differentiation is a promising approach towards the understanding of the molecular processes involved in bone fabrication. Both infrared (IR) and Raman microspectroscopies have been applied, with a clear predominance of the latter. Bone marrow MSC have been the target of most studies, followed by those originating...