C. Leitner results 27
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Impact of the wildland–urban interface on large carnivore damage in the Polish CarpathiansNARA Subscribed
Large carnivore populations are recovering across Europe, likely influencing human–wildlife interactions in the areas where both human and carnivore activity overlap, like wildland–urban interface (WUI). We analyzed over 3500 cases of damage caused by brown bears, wolves, and lynx in the Polish Carpathians (2010–2017) to identify spatial and temporal hot spots and their determinants. Wolf damage was associated with sheep densi...
Seasonal occurrence and condition of leopard seals at an extralimital Sub-Antarctic IslandNARA Subscribed
Leopard seals ( Hydrurga leptonyx ) occur mainly south of the Antarctic Polar Front, but immatures, in particular, seasonally move beyond this range during the austral winter and spring, typically under increased sea ice conditions. Extralimital occurrences of leopard seals can be observed at several sub-Antarctic islands where they haul out to rest. We present new records of leopard seal sightings at Marion Island, southern I...
Functional redundant soil fauna and microbial groups and processes were fairly resistant to drought in an agroecosystemNARA Subscribed
Climate change scenarios predict more frequent and intense drought periods for 2071 to 2100 for many regions of the world including Austria. Current and predicted lower precipitation scenarios were simulated at a lysimeter station containing a fertile and less fertile agricultural soil for 9 years. 13 C and 15 N-labeled green manure was added in year 8 with the aim to analyze how the predicted precipitation regime affects soil...
As alien invasive species are a key driver of biodiversity loss, understanding patterns of rapidly changing global species compositions depends upon knowledge of invasive species population dynamics and trends at large scales. Within this context, the Ponto-Caspian region is among the most notable donor regions for aquatic invasive species in Europe. Using macroinvertebrate time series collected over 52 years (1968–2020) at 26...
Dating of polyhalite: a difficult 40Ar/39Ar dating tool of diagenetic to very low-grade metamorphic processesNARA Subscribed
Halite already deforms at surface temperatures. A valuable universal dating tool to constrain the timing of sedimentary, diagenetic, or deformational structures is still missing. The evaporite mineral polyhalite can be dated by the 40 Ar/ 39 Ar method. On the example of the extremely deformed halite deposits of the Eastern Alps, polyhalite was tested to date early diagenetic stages of the deposits. The sedimentological investi...
Globalization has led to the introduction of thousands of alien species worldwide. With growing impacts by invasive species, understanding the invasion process remains critical for predicting adverse effects and informing efficient management. Theoretically, invasion dynamics have been assumed to follow an “invasion curve” (S‐shaped curve of available area invaded over time), but this dynamic has lacked empirical testing using...
Regional Variation in Communities of Demersal Fishes and Scavengers Across the CCZ and Pacific OceanOA Marine
We synthesize and analyze data from visual transecting approaches and baited camera studies to evaluate fish and invertebrate scavenger communities across the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ), an area of intense deep-sea mining interest, and neighboring areas of the abyssal Pacific. In abyssal regions including the CCZ most of the top predators are large mobile fishes and crustaceans, and the majority of these are also opportunis...
Seamounts are common in all ocean basins, and most have summit depths >3,000 m. Nonetheless, these abyssal seamounts are the least sampled and understood seamount habitats. We report bait-attending community results from the first baited camera deployments on abyssal seamounts. Observations were made in the Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ), a manganese nodule region stretching from south of Hawaii nearly to Mexico. This zone is o...
Recently, there has been a resurgent interest in the exploration of deep-sea mineral deposits, particularly polymetallic nodules in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ), central Pacific. Accurate environmental impact assessment is critical to the effective management of a new industry and depends on a sound understanding of species taxonomy, biogeography, and connectivity across a range of scales. Connectivity is a particularly i...
The Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ) is a vast area of the central Pacific Ocean where the abyssal seabed is a focus for future polymetallic nodule mining. Broad-scale environmental gradients occur east-to-west across the CCZ seabed, including organic matter supply and nodule abundance, factors that influence benthic faunal community structure and function. A network of protected areas across the CCZ, called Areas of Particular E...
Phylogeography of the ground squirrel subgenus Xerospermophilus and assembly of the Mojave Desert biotaNARA Subscribed
Aim The Mohave ground squirrel ( Xerospermophilus mohavensis ) is one of a few endemic species of the Mojave Desert of south‐western North America. We describe phylogeographic patterns within this species and its sister taxon ( Xerospermophilus tereticaudus ) and test hypotheses concerning their biogeographical history using genetic signatures of stable versus expanding populations. We compare these patterns with those of othe...