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Rays of the family Rhinopteridae Jordan & Evermann, 1896 are highly migratory and widely distributed in warm tropical and temperate waters. Along the Brazilian coast, the presence of two species has been recorded: Rhinoptera bonasus Mitchill, 1815 and Rhinoptera brasiliensis Müller, 1836. These stingrays are commonly caught as bycatch in trawl fisheries, however, the two species lack distinctive external morphological features...
Effect of sodium bicarbonate on performance and markers of kidney and gastrointestinal injury during repeated sprints in the heatNARA Subscribed
Purpose We tested the hypotheses that sodium bicarbonate (SB) supplementation improves performance, reduces markers of acute kidney injury (AKI) risk, and increases markers of acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) during repeated sprints in the heat. Methods Using a double-blind design, 10 recreationally endurance-trained participants ingested 0.2 g/kg of body weight of SB or placebo before cycling in the heat (dry-bulb: 40 °C,...
This study aimed to assess the prevalence, severity, predictors, and lived experiences of food insecurity among women enrolled in the Women’s Interagency HIV Study in the USA in 2020, at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. We hypothesized that pre-existing socioeconomic and health-related disparities would heighten the risk of worsening food insecurity during the pandemic. The 10-item US Household Food Security Survey was adm...
Increased levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) soluble platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (sPDGFRβ), a marker of blood–brain barrier (BBB)-associated pericyte cell injury, have been shown to correlate with increased BBB permeability and severity of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. It has been also shown that increased CSF sPDGFRβ levels can predict cognitive dysfunction in APOE4 carriers bearing the main susceptibilit...
Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) remain a serious complication following hip and knee arthroplasty, affecting 1–5% of patients in developed countries and posing significant challenges to patients, clinicians, and healthcare systems. Conventional prophylactic strategies, such as antibiotic-loaded bone cement, suffer from limited post-implantation drug release and potential compromise of mechanical integrity. To overcome t...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
The respiratory parafacial region (pFRG) contributes critically to central chemoreception, CO 2 /H + homeostasis and the regulation of all major components of the respiratory rhythm. The respiratory rhythm is also modulated by the neuropeptide substance P which is released by tachykinin-1 (Tac1)- expressing neurons. However, how tachykinergic signaling modulates the pFRG region remains incompletely understood. Here we show tha...
Relocated, range-limited, but resilient: niche shift and constraints on spread in introduced Nanday parakeets (Aratinga nenday)NARA Subscribed
Introduced species often encounter novel environments that test their capacity for ecological flexibility and adaptation. We investigated ecological niche dynamics in Nanday Parakeets ( Aratinga nenday ), a naturalized parrot species in Los Angeles, to assess whether their introduced range reflects a shift from their native range in South America. Using principal components analysis and niche overlap tests, we found that the i...
Anthropogenic activities have a profound impact on ecosystems, threatening species and contributing to increased extinction rates. Among them are some Leporidae species, for which ecological data remains insufficient to support effective conservation. This study aimed to monitor the status of the volcano rabbit ( Romerolagus diazi ), eastern cottontail ( Sylvilagus floridanus ), and Mexican cottontail ( Sylvilagus cunicularius...
Accounting for human–nature linkages in area‐based conservation monitoring through social–ecological indicator bundlesNARA Subscribed
As the coverage of area‐based conservation increases across the globe, it is critical to improve understanding of the social and ecological outcomes of such measures and the pathways to their outcomes. A social–ecological systems approach to monitoring and evaluation is increasingly advocated; yet, applications remain scarce. We sought to facilitate operationalization of this approach through prioritization of indicators when...
Shifts in Phenology and Species Ranges Synergistically Alter the Timing and Species Composition of the Flowering SeasonNARA Subscribed
Global change is altering the phenology and geographic ranges of flowering species, with potentially profound consequences for the timing and composition of floral resources and the seasonal structure of ecological communities. However, shifts in flowering phenology and species distributions have historically been studied in isolation due to disciplinary silos and limited data, leaving critical gaps in our understanding of the...