Tuberculosis (TB) treatment is highly effective, but response to therapy varies by geography and population subgroups. We assessed differences in TB treatment response in a representative and heterogeneous Brazilian population. We estimated genetic ancestry according to major genetic ancestry groups (African, European, and Amerindian) in the Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil cohort usi...

We evaluated endolithic fungal diversity associated with rocks sampled at the polyextreme Brazilian São Pedro and São Paulo archipelago using a DNA amplicon metagenomics approach. We detected 808,547 fungal DNA reads grouped into 92 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs). The rocks sampled were geologically characterized as mylonitized peridotites, serpentinized peridotites, and carbonate-matrix sedimentary breccias. Ascomycota was...

Biometals such as iron, copper, zinc, manganese, cobalt, and selenium play crucial roles in cellular respiration, immunity, apoptosis, and signaling. However, their excessive accumulation can induce chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and trigger carcinogenesis. Iron addiction stands out for its importance in tumor cell replication and survival. Cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Given the lim...

Conventional bivalve depuration protocols may compromise organoleptic and nutritional quality, largely as a consequence of fasting. This study investigates an innovative post-depuration feeding strategy in the clam Ruditapes decussatus using microencapsulated diets containing Nannochloropsis sp. supplemented with either a standard dose of vitamins C and E (MV) or a high dose—4× the standard level—of these vitamins (MV+). A thr...

At the edge of the Amazon River plume, stirring by the North Brazil Current (NBC) and its eddies creates sharp surface thermohaline gradients on horizontal scales of 𝒪 (1–100) km. This study provides a comprehensive picture of these gradients and fronts associated with the region's distinctive dynamics. Saildrone observations show that the plume amplifies density gradient variability at all scales from 1–100 km, with frontal s...

Metallic pollution is an emerging and underappreciated stressor contributing to global bee declines, yet the evidence base remains fragmented across metals, taxa, endpoints, and geographic regions. Here, we provide the first hypothesis-driven scientometric synthesis of the global literature on metallic pollutants and bees. Using Web of Science records, we compiled 154 experimental and field-based studies and quantitatively tes...

Bioacoustic studies of bats have advanced significantly in recent decades, driven by the popularization of ultrasonic recorders and the training of human resources; however, many species still lack detailed descriptions of their echolocation calls. We hypothesised that recording conditions (free-flight vs. flight tent) significantly alter the structure of echolocation calls. Natalus macrourus echolocation calls based on our st...

Aim We investigate the distribution of dispersal modes — endozoochory (via animal ingestion), synzoochory (via animal seed accumulation) and anemochory (via wind)—and seed mass of woody plants across Brazilian ecosystems, testing whether their relative abundance in local plant communities could be predicted by climate, edaphic factors and dispersal agents (e.g., the main vectors moving seeds). We expected climate to be the mai...