Assessment frameworks do not capture the complexity of the social–ecological dynamics of small-scale fisheries (SSF), which support millions of livelihoods yet face persistent sustainability challenges. Reciprocal feedbacks between fish populations and fishers that are central to sustainability remain insufficiently integrated into assessment approaches because conventional fisheries management emphasizes population dynamics,...

Ecosystem-based management (EBM) is essential to maintain healthy, productive and resilient marine ecosystems while sustainably providing ecosystem services leading to the goods and benefits humans want and need. Ecosystem status assessment is essential to the EBM process and there are many and varied methods (or tools) to undertake that assessment in support of EBM. This paper analyses these tools against the characteristics...

Marine Ecosystem-Based Management (EBM) approaches are a well-established and fundamental component of international agreements and treaties, regional seas conventions, assessment strategies, European Directives and national and regional instruments. However, there is the need to interrogate and clarify the implementation of EBM approaches under current marine management. Although particular focus here is within the European U...

The discovery of natural products derived from marine sources has demonstrated a consistent upward trajectory for the decade of 2011-2020, holding significant promise for the development of novel drugs and many other marine bioproducts. In recent years, the spotlight has shifted away from marine sponges (Porifera) towards marine microorganisms as the primary source of discovery. Despite reports of marine sponges spanning 20 di...

Marine kelp forests cover 1/3 of our world's coastlines, are heralded as a nature-based solution to address socio-environmental issues, connect hundreds of millions of people with the ocean, and support a rich web of biodiversity throughout our oceans. But they are increasingly threatened with some areas reporting over 90% declines in kelp forest cover in living memory. Despite their importance and the threats they face, kelp...

Sea cucumbers are amongst the highest value seafoods available commercially, especially in the south-east Asian region, primarily due to their nutritional and health benefits as applied in Traditional Chinese Medicine. While the majority of studies for nutritional products derived from sea cucumber compounds have been conducted in vitro , the number of in vivo and evidence-based human clinical studies are limited. This review...

Purpose The effects of endophytic actinobacterial strains, Microbispora sp. CP56, Actinomadura sp. CP84B, Streptomyces spp. CP200B and CP21A, on the chickpea- Mesorhizobium symbiosis, were investigated in planta , with the aim of revealing the underlying mechanisms of action. Methods The actinobacterial endophytes were co-inoculated with Mesorhizobium ciceri onto chickpea seedlings to study the effect on plant growth parameter...

Simulations from seven global coupled climate models performed at high and standard resolution as part of the high resolution model intercomparison project (HighResMIP) are analyzed to study deep ocean mixing in the Labrador Sea and the impact of increased horizontal resolution. The representation of convection varies strongly among models. Compared to observations from ARGO-floats and the EN4 data set, most models substantial...