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Earth's biodiversity is central to ecosystem health and resilience, providing essential functions and services. The Red Sea is a recognised marine biodiversity hotspot with high endemism and unique environmental conditions that support extensive but poorly resolved biodiversity. Here, we applied metagenomic analyses to sediment samples collected from coastal to deep‐sea environments during the Red Sea Decade Expedition 2022 to...
Cryptic Interactions in a Marine Microcosm: Sponges Shape the Microbiome of a Resident GobyNARA Subscribed
Microbial symbionts influence ecological and evolutionary processes in their multicellular hosts; yet they remain poorly characterised in marine systems. Sponges host exceptionally diverse microbiomes, potentially providing rich microbial reservoirs for their residents. The tusked goby ( Risor ruber ), an obligate sponge‐dweller, and its sponge hosts provide an ideal model to investigate the causes and consequences of shared m...
Cottus aleuticus (coastrange sculpin) is one of two North American facultatively amphidromous sculpins, but habitat use during its planktonic larval stage is poorly documented. We analysed strontium isotopes ( 88 Sr and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr) in otoliths of 10 adult C. aleuticus from a small coastal California stream. All showed elevated 88 Sr signal intensities in the otolith core and a marine 87 Sr/ 86 Sr value in the core that rapid...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
SNAPSHOT USA 2024: Year 6 of the Coordinated National Camera Trap Survey of the United StatesNARA Subscribed
Motivation SNAPSHOT USA is an annual, multi‐contributor camera trap survey of mammals across the United States. The growing SNAPSHOT USA dataset is intended for tracking the spatial and temporal responses of mammal populations to changes in land use, land cover and climate. These data will be useful for exploring the drivers of spatial and temporal changes in relative abundance and distribution, as well as the impacts of speci...
Addressing urgent conservation issues, such as the drastic declines of North American migratory birds, requires creative, evidence‐based, efficient, and collaborative approaches. The abundance of over 50% of monitored North American shorebird populations has declined by over 50% since 1980. To address these declines, we developed a partnership of scientists and practitioners called the Shorebird Science and Conservation Collec...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Dynamic thumb localization and its adaptation: quantification with a novel robotic taskNARA Subscribed
The thumb plays a crucial role in hand function, yet its proprioceptive abilities remain poorly understood. Here we quantified dynamic thumb localization ability, as well as how this ability adapts to a perturbation, in unimpaired participants. For this, we developed a novel task in which a robot moved the thumb in a circle and participants pressed a button when they felt their thumb aligning with a target point on a screen, r...
The Critical Role of Coefficients: Updating Allometric Normalisation Constants for Modern Ecology and ModellingNARA Subscribed
Allometry, the scaling of traits or biological rates with body mass, is central to a wide range of ecological research including dynamic food web modelling. There has been extensive focus on exponents (3/4 scaling laws), but little on the coefficients (normalisation constants). Coefficients that have been used since 2006 are derived from limited data and dated methodologies. Here, we compiled a data set of over 1000 genera wit...
The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2024 Annual ReportNARA Subscribed
A mechanistic model of endotherm hibernation applied to the endangered mountain pygmy possum under climate changeNARA Subscribed
Hibernation is an important strategy used by many endotherms to conserve energy and water. Global warming is changing species' phenology and hibernation patterns, but whether such changes are beneficial or harmful depends on the species' life history traits, physiology, morphology, and behavior. Mechanistic niche models can be used to make strong inferences on such responses by explicitly quantifying the consequences of change...