This study develops a high‐resolution rainfall regionalization for mainland China based on sub‐daily storm characteristics, addressing key limitations of previous classifications that relied on daily or coarser precipitation data and limited rainfall metrics. Using hourly records from 2275 meteorological stations between 1971 and 2020, over 2.31 million rainfall events (≥ 10 mm) were identified and categorised into five event...

Long-term changes in upper-air wind speed remain substantially uncertain due to the spatial and temporal sparseness of radiosonde observations. This study estimates wind speed trends at six tropospheric pressure levels (850–200 hPa) over land using global IGRA radiosonde records and six reanalysis datasets. Radiosonde observations indicate a general increase in upper troposphere over the past four decades, except Australia. In...

An accurate understanding of the current and future water cycle over the Third Pole is of great societal importance, given the role this region plays as a water tower for densely populated areas downstream. An emerging and promising approach for skillful climate assessments over regions of complex terrain is kilometer-scale climate modeling. As a foundational step towards such simulations over the Third Pole, we present a mult...