Earth's biodiversity is central to ecosystem health and resilience, providing essential functions and services. The Red Sea is a recognised marine biodiversity hotspot with high endemism and unique environmental conditions that support extensive but poorly resolved biodiversity. Here, we applied metagenomic analyses to sediment samples collected from coastal to deep‐sea environments during the Red Sea Decade Expedition 2022 to...

Plant spectral signatures can reveal specific metabolic responses through variations in reflectivity. However, the link between canopy reflectance and photosynthetic behaviour under water stress has been scarcely studied in potato, especially concerning xylem water potential. This study investigated the relationships between xylem water potential, gas exchange variables (net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpirat...

Neotropical freshwater fish are among the most morphologically diverse vertebrates; however, their study has long depended on preserved specimens, which limits our understanding of their natural body shapes due to preservation-induced distortions. Field photography provides a powerful, noninvasive alternative to capture the morphology of fish as it occurs in nature. However, automatically extracting accurate shape information...

Black corals (Hexacorallia: Antipatharia) are a major component of mesophotic and deep marine ecosystems. Due to their preference for light deprived environments, black corals have historically been considered azooxanthellate, yet recent works have found them in association with dinoflagellates of the family Symbiodiniaceae down to 396 m depth. While corals and Symbiodiniaceae generally establish a symbiotic relationship in sh...

Coral-dwelling gall crabs (Cryptochiridae) live in an obligate symbiosis with reef-building corals from shallow to deep waters. In particular, crabs of the genus Opecarcinus are known to occur across the tropical belt in association with the scleractinian family Agariciidae, down to a depth of 89 m. The Red Sea is a semi-enclosed basin that has long been recognized as a region of high marine biodiversity and endemism, with mor...

Introduction The Red Sea is a narrow rift basin characterized by latitudinal environmental gradients which shape the diversity and distribution of reef-dwelling organisms. Studies on Symbiodiniaceae associated with select hard coral taxa present species- specific assemblages and concordant variation patterns from the North to southeast Red Sea coast at depths shallower than 30 m. At mesophotic depths, however, algal diversity...