The Copper to Middle Bronze Ages are particularly significant times in Italian Protohistory, as they were marked by major dietary, social, and technological transformations. Stable isotope analysis has become a key tool in reconstructing past human diets. Although its application has expanded across the Italian Peninsula over the past decade, data for the Copper Age in northern Italy remain limited, and geographic coverage is...

Air pollution is a major cardiovascular risk factor, with particulate matter (PM) posing significant threats. The Po Valley remains among Europe’s most polluted areas. While PM₂.₅ is linked to cardiac dysfunction, its effects during pregnancy—especially under hypertensive conditions—are poorly defined. We investigated how prolonged PM exposure from Milan’s urban area affects cardiac electromechanical function in pregnant normo...

Balancing electron donors and acceptors is crucial for bacterial cell to control both anabolism and catabolism rates and to keep at minimum ROS production and the resulting oxidative stress. Efficiency of nutrients uptake and assimilation is therefore linked to the availability of electron acceptors, to finally re-cycle reduced intracellular electron shuttles belonging to catabolism via respiratory chain. In case of excess red...

Fishing activities alter food web diversity and functioning. Trophic level (TL) has been used as an indicator to assess such impacts on populations and assemblages. We reviewed the scientific literature that examined the relationship between fishing and the trophic aspects of fish species and communities, by focussing on TL. We narrowed the research to the Mediterranean Sea, where fishing is an important economic income for so...