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The isotope ratios of zinc ( 66 Zn/ 64 Zn expressed as δ 66 Zn), a vital nutrient, increasingly demonstrate trophic discrimination among vertebrates, making δ 66 Zn a valuable dietary proxy for ecological, archaeological, and palaeontological studies. Given the novelty of the methodology, tissue-diet and tissue-tissue zinc isotope fractionation factors remain poorly understood and have so far only been studied in a few terrest...
Aim After environmental disasters, species with large population losses may need urgent protection to prevent extinction and support recovery. Following the 2019–2020 Australian megafires, we estimated population losses and recovery in fire‐affected fauna, to inform conservation status assessments and management. Location Temperate and subtropical Australia. Time period 2019–2030 and beyond. Major taxa Australian terrestrial a...
Prolonging survival in good health is a fundamental societal goal. However, the leading determinants of disability-free survival in healthy older people have not been well established. Data from ASPREE, a bi-national placebo-controlled trial of aspirin with 4.7 years median follow-up, was analysed. At enrolment, participants were healthy and without prior cardiovascular events, dementia or persistent physical disability. Disab...
Global root traits (GRooT) databaseNARA Subscribed
Motivation Trait data are fundamental to the quantitative description of plant form and function. Although root traits capture key dimensions related to plant responses to changing environmental conditions and effects on ecosystem processes, they have rarely been included in large‐scale comparative studies and global models. For instance, root traits remain absent from nearly all studies that define the global spectrum of plan...
TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open accessNARA Subscribed
Plant traits—the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants—determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodivers...
Global patterns in fine root decomposition: climate, chemistry, mycorrhizal association and woodinessNARA Subscribed
Fine root decomposition constitutes a critical yet poorly understood flux of carbon and nutrients in terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we present the first large‐scale synthesis of species trait effects on the early stages of fine root decomposition at both global and local scales. Based on decomposition rates for 279 plant species across 105 studies and 176 sites, we found that mycorrhizal association and woodiness are the best c...
How are nitrogen availability, fine‐root mass, and nitrogen uptake related empirically? Implications for models and theoryNARA Subscribed
Understanding the effects of global change in terrestrial communities requires an understanding of how limiting resources interact with plant traits to affect productivity. Here, we focus on nitrogen and ask whether plant community nitrogen uptake rate is determined (a) by nitrogen availability alone or (b) by the product of nitrogen availability and fine‐root mass. Surprisingly, this is not empirically resolved. We performed...
Species–area relationships are modulated by trophic rank, habitat affinity, and dispersal abilityNARA Subscribed
In the face of ongoing habitat fragmentation, species–area relationships (SARs) have gained renewed interest and are increasingly used to set conservation priorities. An important question is how large habitat areas need to be to optimize biodiversity conservation. The relationship between area and species richness is explained by colonization–extinction dynamics, whereby smaller sites harbor smaller populations, which are mor...
Large‐scale, long‐term FACE (Free‐Air CO 2 enrichment) experiments indicate that increases in atmospheric CO 2 concentrations will influence forest C cycling in unpredictable ways. It has been recently suggested that responses of mycorrhizal fungi could determine whether forest net primary productivity ( NPP ) is increased by elevated CO 2 over long time periods and if forests soils will function as sources or sinks of C in th...
Aim To determine whether a community of phytophagous insects on oceanic islands (the fauna of insects feeding internally on G lochidion trees in south‐eastern P olynesia) was assembled predominantly through niche conservatism or adaptive radiation. Location The islands of south‐eastern P olynesia (southern C ook, A ustral, S ociety, T uamotu‐ G ambier and M arquesas archipelagos) in the C ook I slands and F rench P olynesia. M...
Mycorrhizal and rhizomorph dynamics in a loblolly pine forest during 5 years of free‐air‐CO 2 ‐enrichmentNARA Subscribed
Soil fungi couple plant and ecosystem resource demands to pools of soil resources. Research on these organisms is needed to predict how rising atmospheric CO 2 will influence forest ecosystem processes and soil carbon (C) sequestration potential. We examined the influence of free‐air‐CO 2 ‐enrichment (FACE) on mycorrhizal and extraradical rhizomorph dynamics over a 5‐year period in a loblolly pine forest using minirhizotrons....