Real-time precise point positioning (PPP) time transfer is a crucial technique for the time and frequency field. However, its performance remains limited by the relatively long convergence time resulting from unstable parameter estimation in the initial stage. In this contribution, predicted tropospheric products provided by the Global Forecast System (GFS) are employed to derive predicted Zenith Wet Delays (ZWDs) for each sta...

Based on 30 CMIP6 global climate models and observational data from 2374 meteorological stations in China during 1961–2020, the primary objective of this study is to investigate the sources of uncertainty in model projections from both thermodynamic and dynamic perspectives. The projection of mid‐summer precipitation trend is slight increasing in the near‐term (2021–2040), maximum in the mid‐term (2041–2060) and slowing down i...

Regional cold winters have occurred frequently in Eurasia since the beginning of the 21st century, increasing the interannual variability in winter temperatures and increasing the difficulty of prediction. In this study, we evaluate the performance of Climate Forecast version 2 (CFSv2) of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) in predicting winter temperature anomalies over the Northern Hemisphere and find th...