This study addresses target-to-ROV relative localization in an unmanned surface platform-assisted UAV–ROV search-and-recovery system. Because the submerged ROV is not assumed to be visible from the air, the UAV observes the floating target and a GNSS-equipped ROV-associated surface buoy in the same image. The buoy position and target-to-buoy image displacement are combined to construct a world-frame target-position measurement...

The isotopic composition of atmospheric carbon dioxide (δ 13 C atm ) provides insights into the terrestrial carbon cycle. However, long‐term global δ 13 C atm maps with both high spatial resolution and continuous temporal coverage remain scarce. Here, we present a new global terrestrial dataset of monthly δ 13 C atm isoscapes from 2001 to 2020 at 0.05° spatial resolution, developed by integrating in situ observations with opti...